Kenko REALPRO ND 4 & 8 neutral density filters decrease the amount of light entering the camera lens. This allows to shoot with wide open diaphragm even in shiny day to achieve shallow depth of field. Neutral Density filters are the most commonly used along with C-PL and UV filters. These filters, instead of the ones that protect the lens from damage or UV pollution, were created to decrease the volume of the light entering the lens. True ND filters decrease light equally to achieve the same density through the all visual spectrum giving no changes in color balance of the image. That is why the called Neutral Density. Obviously, the power of this huge sensor can easily be affected by lenses and other optical accessories that are located right on the path of the light entering the camera. In other words, the filter quality serves as the front "gate" for the light to enter and is of the utmost importance. In particular, ND filters have become a must for high sensitivity cameras with ISO settings that starts from 200 or 100. This is the reason that ND filters currently garner a high level of attention and have strict quality requirements. Professional photographers requires ND filters that decrease light volume in the most natural and harmless way. WHEN TO USE ND 4/8/16 FILTERS Kenko REALPRO ND 4/8/16 present the highest quality of Neutral Density filters designed to use with latest DSLR high-sensitive cameras that will allow photographer to realize photos with shallow field of view achieved by aperture wide open during the shiny day or in over lighted conditions. Kenko REALPRO ND 4/8/16 filters is recommended to use in portrait, video and nature genres during shiny day where widely opened diaphragm to prevent overexposure and achieve shallow depth of field is required to separate foreground object from background. To choose ND filter with suitable density, use the spread-sheet below ND NUMBER F-STOP REDUCTION % TRANSMITTANCE 4 2 25.00 8 3 12.50 This is another case when ND4 filter is irreplaceable. Sunny day. Camera FUJIFILM X-T1, that has a shutter speed limitation up to 1/4000 sec. Fujinon XF56mm F1.2 R that was used is very fast and expensive lens with excellent optical performance and beautiful bokeh. Without ND filter fast F1.2 lens will create overexposed area on the cloths and face as seen on the left photo. Thanks to ND4 filter one can still make an efficient use of wide open aperture that creates beautiful bokeh, and also remove overexposed areas on the object without pushing the camera above the limits. Since the majority of the cameras has shutter speed limitations far less then 1/4000 sec, light density ND filters are of great importance. ND VACUUM DEPOSITION TECHNOLOGY To achieve the best neutrality in the world Kenko REALPRO ND filters adopts ND Vacuum Deposition Technology. According to this technology, neutral density is realized by ND substance that coated in the steam oven equally spreading over the filter glass surface. IR POLLUTION ND Vacuum Deposition Technology also offers the solution to the problem of IR pollution that is also can be a reason for concern among photographers. During the sunny day with a lot of IR light in the atmosphere long shutter speed shooting may bring color changes of black, green or dark objects what can be seen with brown or reddish tint. Thanks to exhaustive efforts of Kenko engineers ND Vacuum Deposition Technology underwent incredible progress in neutrality, desirable light transmittance and IR controlling performance. ANTI-REFLECTION MULTI COATING Usually sensors of digital cameras are more sensitive than lm. That's why highlights can affect the image, creating unwanted effects due to light refraction in the lens. Filters, as they are also optical elements, can make the situation even worth. That is why filters need anti-reflective coating. Kenko REALPRO ND filters adopts anti-reflective multi coating to eliminate even small chance of unwanted ares and ghosts in the image. What's in the box 1 X Kenko Real PRO 72mm Neutral Density (ND4) Filter