This highly concentrated network complex combines a 30 concentration of highly-stable Ethylated L-Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in an "antioxidant network" of 10 Niacinamide (Vitamin B3), Selenium and Zinc to support a strong fight against oxidation while enhancing barrier function, balancing visible discolouration, reviving skin tone, and supporting collagen production and repair mechanisms. While the initial tone-enhancing benefits of ELAN will be noticeable from the third day of once-daily use, benefits at-large are continuing and cumulative. Directions: Apply ELAN to face at night time only, avoiding contact with eyes. If used as part of a NIOD regimen, apply after CAIS and MMHC but before Hydration Vaccine (HV). If used with other skincare, apply after serums but before heavier formulations. ELAN contains a novel pull-push ether for optimal penetration and, while it's oil-free, may feel slightly oily for about 1 minute after application. This feeling will disappear quickly as there is no oil in the formulation. Note: If used with CAIS, please wait at least 20 seconds after application of CAIS before applying this serum as the acidic nature of ELAN will harm the CAIS peptides. Do not mix CAIS and ELAN directly. They must be applied separately within 20 seconds of application of CAIS.