The Alpha Arbutin by The Ordinary has been formulated to reduce the visibility of age spots and to improve skin tone. At a high 2% concentration versus a standard concentration of 1%, it has been designed for maximum efficacy, and is complemented with a next-generation form of Hyaluronic Acid for enhanced performance. Alpha Arbutin is much stronger in effect than Arbutin or Beta Arbutin. This product is vegan, cruelty-free, and formulated without alcohol, silicone, nuts, and gluten. This product has a pH of 4.5-5.5.